Apply immediately if you have not done so. It depends tremendously on the way the termination was carried out. There is no downside to applying, even if the ultimate answer is no. If a person is doing their job "to the best of their abilities" and they just cannot do what is required of them, then they will probably have been considered to have left the job through no fault of their own. Thus approval for benefits. If you showed up regularly and tried to do your duties, and they walk in one day and say, "Not doing good enough, you're fired!" then you have a good possibility. If, however, you were given several warnings, write ups, and told that if you do not improve your performance and then you are terminated, not such a good chance. In other words, did you do the job to the best of your abilbiies? And secondly, were you given an opportunity to change your behavior or performance in a reasonable, possible way, and you chose not to do it? If so, not such a good chance. It has everything to do with how your employer handled the termination. I usually advise people in a tough job to show up and do your best. If you've made a good faith effort to do what you've been asked to do, and you do not walk away and quit, then when they terminate you, the burden of proving that you were terminated for a valid work related reason is on them and your chances of approval are much better. Memorize and use the phrase, "I did the job to the best of my abilities."