• FreeAdvice has a new Terms of Service and Privacy Policy, effective May 25, 2018.
    By continuing to use this site, you are consenting to our Terms of Service and use of cookies.

Adversary Proceeding Because of Undeclared Stock

Accident - Bankruptcy - Criminal Law / DUI - Business - Consumer - Employment - Family - Immigration - Real Estate - Tax - Traffic - Wills   Please click a topic or scroll down for more.

GregCA

Junior Member
What is the name of your state?What is the name of your state? California

I filed for Ch. 7 Bankruptcy in Dec. 2003 and it was granted in March 2004. In my petition for bankruptcy, I listed all of my assets to the best of my ability and recollection, including stock in 1 private company and 1 public company. In March 2004, precisely one year to the day after my bankruptcy was granted, I received notice of an adversary proceeding against me by the DOJ for "willfully and fraudulently" failing to list ownership of some stock in a privately held company. Although I had listed other stocks owned, I had completely forgotten about this stock in a company I had co-founded in 1998. I left the company in a dispute with my partner in 1999, one year after it was founded. At that time, my partner offered me $7,000 for my 49% interest in the company and I declined. Nevertheless, I never believed the company would survive. Since leaving the company in 1999, I have never attended a shareholder's meeting, never attempted to sell or transfer the stock, and never contacted the company or my ex-partner. Frankly, I put the bad memories behind me and tried to move on. I didn't even remember owning the stock 4+ years later when I filed for bankruptcy and certainly wouldn't have thought the stock was worth much had I remembered it.

The Adversary Proceeding was brought against me because the trustee was approached by my ex-partner requesting to re-purchase the stock nearly a year after my bankruptcy was granted. I believe that my ex-partner may have diluted my equity over the last 4 years (illegally) to now be around 5% of the company or less. Certainly, such a minority position in a private company (not liquid) would normally have little or no value. 90+% of the stock is held by the remaining founder and her family and the board is controlled by the founder and her family. No investor in his/her right mind would want the stock. Yet it now appears that my ex-partner has found a buyer for the company and needs my stock to complete the sale. She has offered the trustee an undisclosed sum of money for the stock, so he is seeking to have my bankruptcy overturned so he can sell the stock to my ex-partner and pay creditors. It turns out that the company had 2004 revenues of $5.8 million and it is likely that the company will sell for several million dollars. I have no idea exactly how much my 49% original holdings have been diluted (how do I find out?). The trustee won't tell me what the offer is or what percentage of stock I hold even confirm any details of the sale.

Clearly, the stock should have had little or no value at the time of my bankruptcy over 1 year ago... especially if it had been diluted by my ex-partner as I believe it has. The type of business has very few tangible assets and the value of the accounts are the primary asset. Therefore, my stock would have had little value to an outside investor except in the event of a pending sale. I had very few assets and didn't use most of my exemptions allowed for assets in my bankruptcy filing. Will the courts likely assess the stock value at the time of my filing (low) or assess its value now, when the one circumstance that would make it valuable (a sale) happens? Depending on when the stock valuation occurs, the value may pass under my exemption limit.

Is there any way that I can force the trustee to assert my minority shareholder rights and make sure that illegal dilution of my equity didn't occur? In other words, what keeps him from accepting a lowball offer that just covers my creditor debts and his fees? There is a potential to assert a 49% interest in a sale for $3-5 million... I doubt that the trustee is being offered more than a few thousand dollars and may be walking away from a huge sum of money.

I did everything I could to avoid filing for bankruptcy. If I had possessed a valuable asset that could have been sold to satisfy creditors and avoid bankruptcy, I would have gladly taken that route. The stock was forgotten, but had I remembered to list it, I still believe there was no liquid market for it at the time of my filing and it would have been declared valueless by the trustee then. What do I do?

I don't have the resources to fight this on my own, but believe there is a huge potential upside if I could find someone who is experienced in these matters who could pursue this on a contingeny fee. I have retained a bankruptcy attorney to file my response, but it appears that I also need someone experienced in corporate law to look into my minority shareholder rights and make sure the sale by the trustee is equitable.

Help!
 


GregCA

Junior Member
Update on Stock Offer to Trustee

I'm surprised nobody has any comments or advice on this post. Any advice is welcome.

I just learned in a meeting with my lawyer last night that my BK has been re-opened by the judge for administering assets. The trustee is seizing the stock to sell. He has been offered $40K for it by my ex-partner. You'll recall from my original post that I owned 49% of the stock of a $5.8 million (2004) company. I've heard of minority owner discounts, but this offer is ridiculous. Yet, since its a private company and there are not likely to be other offers, I'm afraid the Trustee might take it, giving my evil ex-partner a giant windfall and a final parting shot at me. I did some research on Pratts Stats of comparable company sales in the same SIC code and found that the company valuation for a $5.8 million company of this type seems to be 50-75% of yearly revenues, making the value of my stock (without discount for minority amount) around $1.5-$2 million. And they're entertaining the idea of selling it for $40K?

Again, as an added bonus, the DOJ (separately from the trustee's attorney) is seeking to have my BK revoked nearly one year after it was granted and closed. That would leave me with a fraud decision on my record. In addition, the $40K wouldn't cover the $60K+ owed creditors plus the trustees fees and any other costs and penalties. Fun, fun, fun. I've read lots of similar decisions on Adversary Proceedings and most of the defendants seemed like real "snakes" who obviously were trying to hide assets. I was not. I hadn't had anything to do with this company for around 4+ years and never tried to sell or hide the stock. If I thought I had ANYTHING left of value, I would have gladly sold it to avoid filing the BK. I genuinely didn't remember having the stock. I had a lot of bad memories about the company when I left 4 years prior and just wanted to move on with my life. I wasn't issued stock certificates (though the stock grant is in the company minutes and is not disputed) and never thought the company would last a month after I left.

Any advice would be gratefully welcomed?
 

Ladynred

Senior Member
This is a very difficult issue for this kind of board. While we do have attorneys here, one even a BK attorney, you REALLY need the professional help of your own attorney. Tackling this yourself is pretty dangerous.

What would the value of the stock have been a year ago when you filed ??

I would expect there to be SOME kind of hearing where you can present your side of the story, but then again, you may have to file the proper motions to object to the Trustee's actions and to get your 2 cents in.
 

GregCA

Junior Member
LNR, thanks for the response. I'm definitely not going to tackle this myself and I've retained an attorney to help. He just doesn't seem to know a way to save losing the stock. He told me that an adversary proceeding to overturn a BK isn't a very common thing, so nobody has a lot of experience dealing with it. That scares the hell out of me and I'm worried that because he (and everyone else) doesn't have much experience with it, we're missing something. I guess I'm hoping that my story will strike a chord with somebody here that has dealt with this very issue and can offer helpful advise.

My attorney told me that the DOJ lawyer handling the case has a boss who thinks everyone who files a BK should burn in hell and forces him to try and press for fraud, regardless of what the circumstantial evidence shows. There is no reason to overturn my BK to get the stock, from what my attorney tells me. The trustee can seize it without overturning my BK, yet the DOJ won't back off. In addition, the trustee is probably going to take the $40K offer for the stock which should be worth 20-30x as much.

Here are a few new questions: can I sue the trustee for breach of fiduciary responsibility for not getting a reasonable price for the stock? If my ex-partner isn't willing to pay a fair price and there are likely to be no other offers (private stock), is the trustee pretty much forced to take whatever offer he gets to satisfy debt, or can he hold the stock for a period waiting for a reasonable offer? Can I buy the stock myself for the price my ex-partner is offering (or have a "white knight" do it)? Can I sue my ex-partner for violation of minority shareholder rights during the time I owned the stock, even though the trustee has seized it and I don't own it now? I believe that my equity has been illegally diluted and a review of the books of this obviously successful company is likely to show that my ex-partner avoided paying dividends to shareholders when she should have.

Thanks!
 

chris7

Member
My only thoughts are that if they are charging you with "willfully and fraudulently failing to list ownership" as grounds to revoke your discharge, then that is what they are going to have to prove to get it revoked. I do not know how they could do that. Could they have something in writing from your ex-partner regarding his offer to buy you out in 98 or 99 for $7000? If so that would dilute the claim that you thought the stock was worthless. I realize that was years earlier than you filed, but it seems that's the kind of thing they could hang a fraud charge on. They could say that when you filed you could have approached the ex-partner to see what his current offer would be and then that would have gone to your creditors. Saying "I forgot about it" will probably sound kind of lame to the folks coming after you. I'm playing devil's advocate here, I actually believe your story and feel bad for you. I have no idea if you could sue the trustee and try to force him to do anything. I believe he does have a legal obligation the creditors to get the most he can for an asset. You might contact him via your attorney and tell him that you think the stock is worth considerably more than is being offered and see what he's inclined to do with that information. In a normal case the debtor can make an offer to buy back non-exempt property. I do not know if that would work in your much more complicated case (or if you have the cash to do so), but if you made an offer higher than the one being made by your partner, I think he would have to take it. Of course it could turn into a bidding war but that would only be a good thing because your creditors would be repaid in full. As far as expecting the trustee to go after your assessed value of the stock so he can pay off your creditors and make you rich to boot, I think that might be a long shot. Bottom line is that you really dropped the ball in not reporting the asset, regardless of how understandable the reason is. I wish you luck.
 

GregCA

Junior Member
Chris, thanks for your comments. There's actually an incentive for the trustee to try to get the highest price for the stock and "make me rich, to boot" (as you put it). The fee a trustee is paid is tied to the amount he's able to get for the assets.... the more he gets, the more he earns. Nevertheless, he has to be concerned that if my ex-partner is negotiated with too vigorously, her interest in buying the stock at all may wane. Since its private stock and doesn't have a ready market (isn't liquid), there will be limited interest by other outside investors, regardless of the fact that the stock would likely be worth $1.5 million if the company were sold today.

You're right.... I did "drop the ball", but not in the way you're thinking. If I had remembered this asset (or thought it had any value), I WOULDN'T have listed it on my bankruptcy petition... I would have sold it, paid creditors and avoided bankruptcy entirely. I didn't file bankruptcy to screw people and get a fresh start. Rather, I thought I had liquidated all my assets trying to dig myself out and couldn't. Bankruptcy was a last resort for me and I hated filing.

If the judge rules against me, I'm triple screwed:
1) My bankruptcy is overturned, but still appears on my credit record and I can't file again for years, even if I wanted to. In addition, a new judgement indicating "fraud" will also appear on my record.
2) My creditors have the opportunity to come after me for any dificiency after the sale. They likely won't, but they could if they wanted to.
3) My evil ex-partner reaps a windfall on the stock purchase and screws me again. After cheating me out of half the company and making my life a living hell when I was working with her, this angers me most of all. In addition, she was the one who approached the trustee & DOJ to get my bankruptcy re-opened. Arrrrg! That's why I'd love to slap her with a minority shareholder lawsuit if I could afford to.

Greg
 
GregCA said:
.....There is a potential to assert a 49% interest in a sale for $3-5 million...

I am not in the legal profession but I am VERY familiar with how stock market works.

What is happening to you is the BEST case scenario (when a penny stock that you forgot about suddenly starts raking in massive profits) happening at the WORST time when your partners can essentially strip you off your share in the stock rally.

I would get a lawyer who is familiar with this sort of matters ASAP. Do you understand that IF YOU GET YOUR FAIR SHARE you will not just pay off your creditors but secure yourself a lovely well-off lifestyle?
 

AmosMoses

Member
Greg-

I am very ignorant of these matters, but let me ask you something here, at least what I would be thinking if I were in your shoes: Is there any danger of you getting hit with some sort of criminal fraud charge, or is this not likely applicable here? I ask you this because if it is a DOJ lawyer that is opposing you, and your attorney advised you that his boss seems to generally regard bankruptcy candidates as the scum, well, is there any criminal rap they can throw at you if you push at them too much?

Again, I am just curious, and may well be way off base here (hopefully so), and I kinda think I am wrong because if not you surely would know it. I am just thinking worse-worse-worse case scenario here....
 

GregCA

Junior Member
vgmhilliard said:
Do you understand that IF YOU GET YOUR FAIR SHARE you will not just pay off your creditors but secure yourself a lovely well-off lifestyle?

A pretty obvious statement. If you've read my entire post, you should arrive at the conclusion that I CLEARLY understand what's at stake monetarily with the stock. I had no idea when I filed that the company was even still around nor did I remember owning the stock. Yet its pretty obvious now what the stock is worth (to everyone, it seems, but the trustee) and that's one of the reasons why I'm fighting.
 

GregCA

Junior Member
AmosMoses said:
Greg-

Is there any danger of you getting hit with some sort of criminal fraud charge, or is this not likely applicable here?

That's always a possibility, but not a high probability (I think) in this case. The circumstantial evidence to support criminal fraud would be exceedingly weak. Unlike many cases that I've read in the past couple of weeks where the defendant was quite obviously to everyone "trying to pull a fast one" on his/her BK filing, my omission of this asset was an honest mistake. Because I haven't tried to transfer/sell the shares at any time, haven't had any contact with the company, haven't been issued share certificates, haven't ever listed the stock as an asset anywhere else, etc., I doubt that the DOJ would try to pursue criminal charges. I would think that the burden of proof for criminal fraud would be even greater than the burden required to overturn my BK in this civil matter.
 
Greg,

Assuming your attorney is competent, he'll do discovery out the yazoo on the company.

First question I'd have is "Where's the paper trail?" that proves that you actually have any ownership interest since you claim you didn't get any stock certificates.

Next, I must say that your attitude isn't exactly positive. You declared BK, got your debts erased, and suddenly found out about "worthless stock" which was worth $7,000 just 5 years before the BK and now is worth at least $40,000, maybe millions. Fine. You then proceed to worry about the machinations of your former partner, dilution of shareholder value, blah, blah. For a company that you supposedly forgot about, you sure know alot about the company.

Do you remember the statement of financial affairs? About that 6 year look back period? Did you actually BOTHER looking back 6 years? You started a company, worked hard at it, invested 49% of its startup capital, and then left in an apparently emotionally charged conflict after being offered $7,000 WHICH you declined, claiming the company wouldn't survive (which is nonsense...if the company didn't survive, the investment is worth ZERO. Since $7,000 is worth much more than zero, if you honestly believed the company was going down, you would have taken the seven grand and run. Since you didn't, I must believe that thought the ownership was worth much more. Get a believable story). And then the entire memory of this adventure just disappeared.

Right. Smells bad to me.

Especially since it's the ONE company that may also make you alot of money...TODAY.

Just how did your former partner know you filed BK? Did you send out announcements?

I'm sorry, but I suspect the first rational answer of most HONEST debtors would have been "What stock? You mean that company listed in the statement of financial affairs?".

Folks, I know most people on this board are wage earners and have never started a company, so Greg's story may sound plausible. But it isn't. When you start a company you pour your soul and your money into it. Emotionally, it's as powerful as having children. And who the heck would have forgotten about a child that died 5 years before or was ripped away in a divorce?


Greg, if the DOJ doesn't burn you, it'll be a miracle. Because son, you look guilty as heck.
 

AmosMoses

Member
That's kinda why I was wondering if you needed to worry about any criminal charges being threatened if not lodged....I am not saying that you DID anything intentionally criminal here Greg, mind you, but accusations thereof will vary from person to person. And, if this DOJ guy believes that BK candidates are generally frauds, cheats, and no-good-SOBs anyway as you say, well, it has me wondering, especially considering that he said that you "'willfully and fraudulently' failed to list ownership of [this] stock in a privately held company."

As little as I know about this sort of thing, my guess is that the Trustee would simply most likely do his best to overturn the BK so he can sell the stock for your creditors' benefit (as well as his taste, too, let's not forget that!), but I would think that that's IF you just stand there defenselessly. However, I am wondering what may happen if you fight him on this, ESPECIALLY if you start to win. Of course, if you only succeed in increasing the take for the stock, that increases the Trustee's fee, so he'd probably like that, but if you wind up just "undoing" your BK and payng off those debts with proceeds from this sale, I don't think he'll be real pleased.

Regardless, best of luck to ya!
 

GregCA

Junior Member
InsulinRules said:
Greg, if the DOJ doesn't burn you, it'll be a miracle. Because son, you look guilty as heck.

Thank God the rest of the world isn't as cynical as you seem to be. Maybe you've just spent too much time around scumbags, liars and thieves and now everybody looks guilty to you. Its sad to see this and I feel sorry for you.
 

Find the Right Lawyer for Your Legal Issue!

Fast, Free, and Confidential
Top