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Adverse Posession and Color of Title

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MinCA

Member
What is the name of your state? California

We found an abandoned house in a beautiful area. It's clearly abandoned. The utility companies told us there has been no useage or payment made in several months (we called to inquire, NOT pretending to be the owner), junk mail is piling on the porch, weeds out of control, a car rusted inthe backyard, tags years out of date....

Here's the lowdown:

The house was bought in 1983 by "Miss Ethyl Mertz." The deed was finally recorded a year later in 1984, with no mortgage or anything, as owned by a trust with the trustee being "Mr. Ralph Kramden." The attorney listed on the deed as having written up the will is indisposed and so we have no way that we know of to find out what the trust says.

"Ethyl" died in 1990 at the age of 100 with no heirs. She never married.

"Ralph" was last known to be at a town hall meeting a year ago, then disappeared. An alternate address for him places him out of state for residence. The taxes and trust, though, are registered to the house. That meeting is the last anyone has known of his whereabouts.

We've been able to find that he had two older sisters, one who passed. He was born after 1945, though we haven't found a birth certificate. We found his family tree online and the remaining sister he has alive doesn't recall his birthday and doesn't know where he is. He never married, like "Ethyl," and had no children.

About a week ago all of his property, from his bank accounts to his Les Schwab accounts and stocks and everything went to unclaimed property with the state. Taxes haven't been paid.

So we want to take the house over by adverse possession. If we can move in successfully, then we can save the money we are paying to rent to put instead toward my husband's custody case for his daughter, the one living with abusers and a judge ignoring the proof and the two CPS social workers on the case. The child's current school is at an API 643 (800 is passing). The one in our current district is 843. The one there is 970 on a scale of 1000! If he can get custody, she's get such a good education as well.

In California, you must occupy a house "openly, hostily, and against the better interests of the owner," and make a "color or title," a fake deed that you hold out to be real. And, of course, pay all taxes.

A MONTH ago we put a notice on the door and two weeks ago sent a notice via FedEx, which came back as no one responding. As of this morning, the FedEx notices are still on the handle. Tomorrow the utilities are on in my name.

Now my questions come in.

As its law to take over a house by moving in, how is this not considered trespassing? Or is adverse possession an exception to the law? How on earth do you make a fake deed? Isn't this fraud, or an exception to the fraud law? What if this guy should somehow come back? Highly doubtful, but still the What if. How long would we need to hold the property that is inside the house? Two of the faded blinds are open about two or three inches, enough to see that there are papers on a table or something stacked in front of the window so that you can't see in any more.

My biggest fear is going in there and finding a dead body. When we do go in, my geriatrics nurse mom, who can see dead people without freaking, will go in first.

My second biggest fear is finding out that we did something against the law, even when following all I have been able to find out about adverse possession law. I am 24, husband is 26. I believe in laws and freedoms, but these laws seem to contradict each other.

Please help! Thank you.
 


Happy Trails

Senior Member
MinCA said:
What is the name of your state? California

We found an abandoned house in a beautiful area. It's clearly abandoned. The utility companies told us there has been no useage or payment made in several months (we called to inquire, NOT pretending to be the owner), junk mail is piling on the porch, weeds out of control, a car rusted inthe backyard, tags years out of date....

Here's the lowdown:

The house was bought in 1983 by "Miss Ethyl Mertz." The deed was finally recorded a year later in 1984, with no mortgage or anything, as owned by a trust with the trustee being "Mr. Ralph Kramden." The attorney listed on the deed as having written up the will is indisposed and so we have no way that we know of to find out what the trust says.

"Ethyl" died in 1990 at the age of 100 with no heirs. She never married.

"Ralph" was last known to be at a town hall meeting a year ago, then disappeared. An alternate address for him places him out of state for residence. The taxes and trust, though, are registered to the house. That meeting is the last anyone has known of his whereabouts.

We've been able to find that he had two older sisters, one who passed. He was born after 1945, though we haven't found a birth certificate. We found his family tree online and the remaining sister he has alive doesn't recall his birthday and doesn't know where he is. He never married, like "Ethyl," and had no children.

About a week ago all of his property, from his bank accounts to his Les Schwab accounts and stocks and everything went to unclaimed property with the state. Taxes haven't been paid.

So we want to take the house over by adverse possession. If we can move in successfully, then we can save the money we are paying to rent to put instead toward my husband's custody case for his daughter, the one living with abusers and a judge ignoring the proof and the two CPS social workers on the case. The child's current school is at an API 643 (800 is passing). The one in our current district is 843. The one there is 970 on a scale of 1000! If he can get custody, she's get such a good education as well.

In California, you must occupy a house "openly, hostily, and against the better interests of the owner," and make a "color or title," a fake deed that you hold out to be real. And, of course, pay all taxes.

A MONTH ago we put a notice on the door and two weeks ago sent a notice via FedEx, which came back as no one responding. As of this morning, the FedEx notices are still on the handle. Tomorrow the utilities are on in my name.

Now my questions come in.

As its law to take over a house by moving in, how is this not considered trespassing? Or is adverse possession an exception to the law? How on earth do you make a fake deed? Isn't this fraud, or an exception to the fraud law? What if this guy should somehow come back? Highly doubtful, but still the What if. How long would we need to hold the property that is inside the house? Two of the faded blinds are open about two or three inches, enough to see that there are papers on a table or something stacked in front of the window so that you can't see in any more.

My biggest fear is going in there and finding a dead body. When we do go in, my geriatrics nurse mom, who can see dead people without freaking, will go in first.

My second biggest fear is finding out that we did something against the law, even when following all I have been able to find out about adverse possession law. I am 24, husband is 26. I believe in laws and freedoms, but these laws seem to contradict each other.

Please help! Thank you.

You don't understand 'Adverse Possession'. You can't go into someone's home and try to assume ownership, just because the owner is no where to be found or dead.

You could be found guilty of breaking and entering and numerous other violations.
 

BradleyS

Member
Got this article from a CA attorney's website.


http://clayton-mcevoy.lawoffice.com/DynamicContentPage.shtml?ss=fln-faq-question.xsl#adverse


What is adverse possession?
Adverse possession is a right to use or own property that results from continued use and occupancy over a period of time, generally ten to twenty years depending on the state. If a non-owner of property occupies and uses the property without the permission of the actual owner for long enough, the law will find that the actual owner has lost his or her rights in the property and ownership has transferred. Since the doctrine of adverse possession results in taking property without payment, the principle is applied very carefully by the courts and only if certain specified conditions are met. Thus, for example, the adverse use must be obvious to the real owner. And the use must be hostile, meaning that it is without the permission of the real owner. Use of another's property with the permission of the owner will never create a right of adverse possession.

Adverse possession issues arise most often where an adjacent property owner encroaches on a neighbor, although they may also arise in other situations. For example, assume your neighbor erects a fence three feet onto your property, preventing you from using that space, and starts using the land as a garden. Obviously, as owner you would have the right to remove the fence and the garden. Or, you could sign an agreement with the neighbor allowing him to use the land with your permission for a specified period of time. But, if as owner you took no action, and the adverse use continued for the specified number of years, the neighbor could come to actually own that portion of the property. For this reason it is important when purchasing property to check for encroachments and adverse uses, and conduct a survey if there is any question as to where the property lines actually are.

Copyright © 2005 by Clayton & McEvoy, P.C. All rights reserved. You may reproduce materials available at this site for your own personal use and for non-commercial distribution. All copies must include this copyright statement.
 

divgradcurl

Senior Member
Here's an article you might want to read: http://www.stimmel-law.com/articles/Adverse Possession - How To Aquire Land.html

And FYI, "color of title" means that you have a REAL instrument that leads you to believe that you have a right to be on the property -- it's not something you make up later. If, for example, someone claiming to be "Ralph" gave you a deed to the house and you went ahead and moved in, but unbeknownst to you the deed was fake or otherwise invalid, then that would be under "color of title" -- you have an instrument that lead you to believe you possessed the land lawfully. This is still adverse possession, because even though you believe you are lawfully on the property, you are not -- if the rightful owner comes home, then you would need to file a suit to quiet title.

Where did you read that "color of title" is required in CA? The rules in CA are the usual AP rules -- open and notorious, hostile to the true owner, for the statutory period (5 years in CA) -- plus paying the property taxes for the property for the entire statutory period.
 

MinCA

Member
I read it on a textbook by Anthony Schools and again in a text written by Walter Huber. The bit about the fake title.

If you have to be under the impression that the title is real, how do you get a title?

Do you just prove to the judge that you have occupied the property openly and hostily for five solid years and have paid all taxes and such and the judge issues a new title?

If we weren't trying to save on rent to try to get an attorney for the custody case, we'd stay where we are. We love the house we are renting-it's literally my dream home. But if we can get this house by adverse possession, even for a part of the five years (I hope this case won't have to go for a full five years and then some!) then that time saving rent and putting it toward the child would be a big help.

Thanks for the help I've been getting. It's been very helpful, and I bookmarked that link to read tomorrow. I'm too tired right now to comprehend very much correctly right now and don't want to confuse my tired brain. But I will read it in the morning.
 

divgradcurl

Senior Member
If you have to be under the impression that the title is real, how do you get a title?

Well, like I mentioned above, usually the case is that someone is given a deed to the property in one way or another (quit claim, sale, etc.) when the person giving the deed had no authority to do so. In such a case, the possessor is under the impression that he is the rightful owner or possessor of the land -- he may find out later that his title is defective, but at least upon entry to the land, the possessor must have a title which purports to be a true deed.

You can't just make one up after the fact -- okay, maybe you could, but as you correctly noted, that would ne fraud.

But fortunately for you, in CA, color of title is unecessary -- color of title is necessary in many states, so maybe you read something the wrong way. In CA, as I noted above and as the linked article explains in detail, simply requires adverse possession combined with paying property taxes for 5 years.

As the attached article notes, once you take possession, you don't have to do anything -- ever -- to perfect the title if you don't want to. It is up to the true owner to file suit to get rid of you, then the burden shifts to you to prove the factors for adverse possession. However, if, after 5 years you've been living their and paying taxes, you can file suit yourself to quiet the title, and if you are successful, that will forver bar the original owner from tossing you off of the land.
 

Greg 2

Member
Possible idea-place and occupy a camper/mobile home on the property-you cannot get much more 'open and notorious' than that. I wouldn't want to be accused of breaking and entering though, so don't do it-maybe you could 'keep an eye on the place' to discourage the druggies from claiming it as theirs.
Just an idea........
 

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