Judicial immunity extends to prosecutors for acts performed in initiating prosecutions. Thus, a prosecutor is absolutely immune with respect to his or her decision as to "when, how, and against whom to proceed." Watts v. Gerking et al, 111 Or. 641, 222 P. 318, rev'd on other grounds on reh'g 111 Or. 654, 657, 228 P. 135 (1924); see also Jackson v. Mult. Co., 76 Or.App. 540, 545-46, 709 P.2d 1153 (1985). That principle was originally approved in Watts, where the plaintiff brought a malicious prosecution action, alleging that the prosecutor had caused him to be arrested under the Prohibition laws knowing that the plaintiff had not, in fact, violated the law. The Supreme Court initially held that in those circumstances�where the prosecutor "maliciously caus[ed] the arrest of [a] party for a pretended offense, which, at the time of the arrest, he knew had not been committed at all"�the prosecutor was not entitled to avail himself of judicial immunity. Id. at 652-53, 222 P. 318. On rehearing, however, the court reversed itself and concluded that prosecutors are absolutely immune from liability for malicious prosecution. In so holding, the court acknowledged the potential for abuse of prosecutorial power but concluded that the public interest in "fearless" criminal prosecutors was paramount. Id. at 668, 228 P. 135; see also id. at 671-72, 228 P. 135 (McBride, C.J., specially concurring) ("[P]ublic policy dictates rather that one citizen should suffer some financial loss than that the district attorneys of the state should be harassed by actions, to defend which might require a large portion of their time, to which the public has a right, and a large portion of the emolument prescribed by law as compensation for their services; and that it is better on the whole, that redress be afforded by prosecutions for misconduct in office than that the results above indicated should be made possible.").
We and the Supreme Court have consistently reiterated that principle. See McBride v. Magnuson, 282 Or. 433, 437, 578 P.2d 1259 (1978) (citing Watts as illustrative of particular species of discretionary function immunity); Rogers v. Hill, 281 Or. 491, 499 n. 8, 576 P.2d 328 (1978) (noting that public prosecutors enjoy "absolute privilege" with respect to initiation of criminal prosecutions); Beason v. Harcleroad, 105 Or.App. 376, 381, 384, 805 P.2d 700 (1991) (affirming judgment on pleadings against malicious prosecution claim because "[p]rosecutors are immune from liability for civil damages on a malicious prosecution claim" under Oregon law but reversing judgment against claims based, inter alia, on prosecutors' issuance of press release because pleadings did not permit determination of whether, given content and timing of prosecutors' statements to media, those statements "ha[d] a sufficient relationship to afford a prosecutor a quasi-judicial immunity."); Jackson, 76 Or.App. at 545-46, 709 P.2d 1153 (prosecutor was absolutely immune from liability for alleged negligence in identifying arrestee in preparing and obtaining arrest warrant).